Reference soil United States of America 19: Albeluvisol

US019

Albeluvisols occur mainly in the moist and cool temperate regions (dominantly regions with a cool continental climate), particularly in Eastern Europe and central USA/Canada.

Characteristics

Soils having an argic horizon (a subsurface horizon with distinct higher clay content than the overlying horizon) within 100 cm from the soil surface. The argic horizon has an irregular upper boundary resulting from "albeluvic tonguing".

Distribution of Albeluvisols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil US019: Albeluvisols

Classification

WRB 1998

Silti-Endoeutric- Albeluvisol

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1988

FAO-UNESCO-ISRIC 1974

Silti-Eutric Podzoluvisol

Eutric Podzoluvisol

Local classification:	Itasca silt loam

Other classification

USDA-SCS (1975)

Eutroboralf udic coarse-loamy montmorillonitic

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-9	0	0	0.6	3.8	4.1	13.8	22.3	33.3	30.1	63.4	14.3
9-14	0	0.4	1.6	2.3	2.4	25	31.7	35.7	27.1	62.8	5.4
14-39	0	0	0.9	1.6	1.7	23.2	27.4	44.9	21.7	66.6	5.9
39-50	2	2.1	5.3	9.8	11.4	20.9	49.5	29.9	15.8	45.7	4.9
50-78	5	3.3	8.7	17.2	18.3	16	63.5	15.1	11.9	27	9.5
78-88	7	3.4	8.8	18.6	23	10.5	64.3	9	11.7	20.7	15
88-113	5	4	8.5	17.5	21.4	13.1	64.5	8.7	11.9	20.6	14.8
113-136	4	4.2	9.4	18.9	22.4	10.9	65.8	8.7	12.5	21.2	13
136-177	9	4.1	10.1	17.6	20.1	12.5	64.4	10.6	14.9	25.5	10.1

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-9	-	-	-	-	14.3
9-14	-	-	-	-	5.4
14-39	-	-	-	-	5.9
39-50	-	-	-	-	4.9
50-78	-	-	-	-	9.5
78-88	-	-	-	-	15
88-113	-	-	-	-	14.8
113-136	-	-	-	-	13
136-177	-	-	-	-	10.1

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-9	5.1	4.8	1.4	-	11.4	0.63	18	0	0	31.1	4.0	1.2	0.0	36.3
9-14	5.2	4.6	0.23	-	1.09	0.08	14	0.1	0	4.6	0.7	0.1	0.0	5.4
14-39	5.3	4.1	0.06	-	0.75	0.05	15	0.6	0.2	2.6	0.3	0.1	0.0	3
39-50	5.2	4.0	0.03	-	0.16	0.02	8	0.5	0.2	1.6	0.4	0.1	0.0	2.1
50-78	5.2	3.8	0.03	-	0.18	0.01	18	0.5	0.4	2.6	1.2	0.1	0.0	3.9
78-88	5.5	3.8	0.05	-	0.10	0.02	5	-	-	4.4	2.6	0.1	0.1	7.2
88-113	5.6	3.9	0.05	-	0.05	0.01	5	-	-	5.0	3.1	0.1	0.0	8.2
113-136	5.6	3.9	0.04	-	0.11	0.01	11	-	-	3.8	2.3	0.1	0.1	6.3
136-177	7.8	7.5	0.12	1.5	0.08	0	-	-	-	17.1	5.4	0.1	0.2	22.8

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-9	79	45.9	321	39.9	-	0	0
9-14	74	7.3	135	3.8	-	0	0
14-39	54	5.6	95	2.6	-	4	0
39-50	40	5.3	108	0.6	-	4	0
50-78	87	4.5	47	0.6	-	9	0
78-88	92	7.8	52	0.4	-	-	1
88-113	103	8.0	54	0.2	-	-	0
113-136	91	6.9	53	0.4	-	-	1
136-177	422	5.4	53	0.3	-	-	4

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Chlorite	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Halloysite	Hematite	Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Mixed-layer	Quartz	Smec	Vermiculite
14-39	-	very weak to weak	-	-	-	-	weak	very weak	weak to medium	strong	very weak to weak	-
50-78	-	weak	-	-	-	-	strong	very weak	very weak to weak	strong	weak	-
88-113	-	weak	-	-	-	-	strong	weak to medium	weak	weak to medium	weak to medium	-

Profile description

O 0-9 cm	leaves moderatelyabrupt smooth boundary to,
E 9-14 cm	light grey (10YR 7/1, dry) greyish brown (10YR 5/2, moist)silt loam,weak very fine crumb parting to weak very fine platy,very friable,many roots,5.8,clear wavy boundary to,
Bw 14-39 cm	very pale brown (10YR 7/4, dry) yellowish brown (10YR 5/4, moist)silt loam,weak fine platy parting to weak very fine subangular blocky,very friable,many roots,5.8,clear wavy boundary to,
E' 39-50 cm	pale brown (10YR 6/3, moist)sandy loam,weak fine and medium subangular blocky,very friable,common vesicular pores,many roots,5.8,clear smooth boundary to,
2E/B 50-78 cm	greyish brown (10YR 5/2, moist)fine sandy loam slightly gravelly,weak fine and medium angular blocky,very friable,common coarse distinct mottles (10YR 4/3) and common coarse distinct mottles (10YR 4/4),common vesicular pores,many roots,few medium and coarse gravel mixed lithology fragments,5.8,clear wavy boundary to,
2B/E 78-88 cm	(dark) brown (10YR 4/3, moist)fine sandy loam slightly gravelly,weak fine and medium angular blocky,firm,patchy thin clay and humus on pedfaces cutans,common roots,few medium and coarse gravel mixed lithology fragments,5.8,gradual wavy boundary to,
2Bt1 88-113 cm	yellowish brown (10YR 5/4, moist)fine sandy loam slightly gravelly,weak medium and coarse angular blocky parting to weak fine platy,firm,continuous thick clay and humus on pedfaces cutans,common roots,few medium and coarse gravel mixed lithology fragments,7,clear wavy boundary to,
2Bt2 113-136 cm	brown (10YR 5/3, moist)fine sandy loam gravelly,weak coarse angular blocky,firm,few fine distinct mottles (7.5YR 5/6),broken thin clay and humus on pedfaces cutans,common roots,common medium and coarse gravel mixed lithology fragments,7,gradual smooth boundary to,
2C 136-177 cm	light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4, moist)fine sandy loam slightly gravelly,weak fine and medium platy,friable,few fine prominent mottles (5YR 5/8),few roots,few thread-like calcareous soft segregations,few medium and coarse gravel mixed lithology fragments,slightly calcareous 10% HCl 8.2,

Kind 1 (parent material) ; Parker (eds), 1984	mixed lithology and composition
Kind 2 (parent material) (second entry); Parker (eds), 1984	mixed lithology and composition
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material	eolian loess
Mode of accumulation or deposition of parent material (second entry)	glacial till
Remarks on Parent Materials	loamy aeolian material ove glacial till
Texture of parent material	loamy
Texture of parent material (second entry)	loamy
Weathering Resistance	moderate
Weathering Resistance (second entry)	moderate
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock	partially or moderately
General characterization of the status of weathering of solid rock (second entry)	partially or moderately

Land use or vegetation in the immediate vicinity of the site	forestry
Remarks on Land Use / Vegetation	VEGETATION: native vegetation is aspen, sugar maple and red oak as dominant trees
Major vegetation type; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	deciduous forest

Regional landform; McDonald, R.C., Isbell, R.F. et all, 1984; Australian soil and land survey Field Handbook, Inkata Press, Melbourne.	low hill
Slope	12%
Topography; Guidelines for soil description - Fourth edition (FAO, Rome, 2006)	undulating

Drainage class ; FAO (2006) - Guidelines for soil description	well
Dry From - To	0-39cm
Flooding frequency (FAO, 1986)	never
Moist From - To	39-177cm
Estimated permeability (class) of least permeable part of the profile	moderate
Estimated run off (class)	medium

You are here

Reference soil United States of America 19: Albeluvisol

Characteristics

Reference soil US019: Albeluvisols

Classification